TABLE 3.
Cox regression models estimating hazard ratios for change in body fat measurement (year 1 minus baseline) in predicting diabetes by treatment group and sex*
| Placebo |
Metformin |
Lifestyle intervention |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline minus year 1 | R2 | HR (95% CI) | P value | R2 | HR (95% CI) | P value | R2 | HR (95% CI) | P value |
| Men | |||||||||
| Visceral L2-L3 (cm2) | 3.9 | 0.54 (0.27–1.09) | 0.08 | 0.2 | 0.86 (0.45–1.66) | 0.65 | 10.4 | 0.16 (0.03–0.81) | 0.03 |
| Visceral L4-L5 (cm2) | 1.3 | 0.71 (0.38–1.35) | 0.30 | 0.0 | 0.97 (0.50–1.90) | 0.94 | 10.5 | 0.13 (0.03–0.63) | 0.01 |
| Subcutaneous L2-L3 (cm2) | 13.4 | 0.37 (0.19–0.71) | <0.01 | 0.2 | 0.90 (0.52–1.55) | 0.70 | 8.5 | 0.18 (0.04–0.81) | 0.03 |
| Subcutaneous L4-L5 (cm2) | 10.0 | 0.40 (0.19–0.82) | 0.01 | 0.5 | 1.28 (0.66–2.51) | 0.47 | 10.4 | 0.15 (0.03–0.65) | 0.01 |
| Weight (kg) | 3.4 | 0.61 (0.33–1.13) | 0.11 | 0.6 | 1.36 (0.64–2.88) | 0.42 | 9.3 | 0.22 (0.06–0.78) | 0.02 |
| Waist (cm) | 2.3 | 0.67 (0.36–1.26) | 0.19 | 0.5 | 1.38 (0.64–2.95) | 0.50 | 12.7 | 0.19 (0.05–0.72) | 0.02 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 2.1 | 0.65 (0.34–1.23) | 0.22 | 0.7 | 1.33 (0.58–3.05) | 0.41 | 9.9 | 0.10 (0.01–0.75) | 0.01 |
| WHR (cm) | 0.0 | 1.03 (0.58–1.84) | 0.92 | 0.3 | 1.21 (0.59–2.50) | 0.60 | 5.9 | 0.22 (0.05–1.08) | 0.06 |
| Women | |||||||||
| Visceral L2-L3 (cm2)† | 0.7 | 0.77 (0.47–1.26) | 0.30 | 0.0 | 1.09 (0.62–1.90) | 0.77 | 2.2 | 0.71 (0.49–1.03) | 0.07 |
| Visceral L4-L5 (cm2) | 0.6 | 0.77 (0.48–1.26) | 0.30 | 1.5 | 0.66 (0.39–1.09) | 0.10 | 2.3 | 0.71 (0.50–1.02) | 0.06 |
| Subcutaneous L2-L3 (cm2) | 1.0 | 0.71 (0.40–1.25) | 0.23 | 0.0 | 0.93 (0.56–1.56) | 0.79 | 0.7 | 0.81 (0.58–1.15) | 0.25 |
| Subcutaneous L4-L5 (cm2) | 1.3 | 0.72 (0.46–1.12) | 0.15 | 0.5 | 0.79 (0.49–1.29) | 0.35 | 1.5 | 0.68 (0.41–1.14) | 0.14 |
| Weight (kg) | 1.2 | 0.66 (0.38–1.14) | 0.14 | 0.6 | 0.75 (0.43–1.32) | 0.31 | 6.0 | 0.40 (0.21–0.74) | <0.01 |
| Waist (cm) | 0.6 | 0.68 (0.40–1.17) | 0.26 | 0.0 | 0.76 (0.43–1.34) | 0.99 | 3.5 | 0.41 (0.22–0.74) | 0.02 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.0 | 0.74 (0.44–1.24) | 0.17 | 0.6 | 1.00 (0.59–1.70) | 0.35 | 6.4 | 0.50 (0.28–0.90) | <0.01 |
| WHR (cm) | 0.2 | 0.87 (0.59–1.29) | 0.50 | 0.0 | 1.02 (0.63–1.65) | 0.93 | 0.0 | 1.03 (0.65–1.64) | 0.90 |
*
R2 are treatment group specific and measure the percent of variation explained when the body fat measurement is added to a model with baseline body fat, age, and self-reported race/ethnicity as independent variables. Hazard ratios (HRs) are per 1 SD
†
Significant differences between treatment groups.