Table I.

Characteristics of IDU stratified by being stopped, searched or detained by police in the last six months (n = 465)

	Stopped, searched or detained by police during study period
Characteristic	NO N = 130	YES N = 335	Odds Ratio (95% CI)	p value
Lending Syringes
No	116 (89.2)	328 (97.9)
Yes	14 (10.8)	7 (2.1)	5.66 (2.23 – 14.36)	< 0.001
Borrowing Syringes
No	122 (93.9)	323 (96.4)
Yes	8 (6.2)	12 (3.6)	1.77 (0.70 – 4.42)	0.220
Requiring help injecting
No	118 (90.8)	332 (99.1)
Yes	12 (9.2)	3 (0.9)	11.25 (3.12 – 40.58)	< 0.001
Cocaine injection
< Daily	101 (77.7)	302 (90.2)
≥ Daily	29 (22.3)	33 (9.9)	2.63 (1.52 – 4.54)	< 0.001
Heroin injection
< Daily	75 (57.7)	279 (83.3)
≥ Daily	55 (42.3)	56 (16.7)	3.65 (2.33 – 5.74)	< 0.001
Crack use
< Daily	49 (37.7)	227 (67.8)
≥ Daily	81 (62.3)	108 (32.2)	3.48 (2.28 – 5.30)	< 0.001
Involvement in the sex trade
No	104 (80.0)	294 (87.8)
Yes	26 (20.0)	41 (12.2)	1.79 (1.05 – 3.08)	0.033
Residency in the downtown eastside
No	50 (38.5)	193 (57.6)
Yes	80 (61.5)	142 (42.4)	2.18 (1.44 – 3.29)	< 0.001
Homelessness
No	94 (72.3)	316 (94.3)
Yes	36 (27.7)	19 (5.7)	6.37 (3.49 – 11.63)	< 0.001
Recent incarceration
No	94 (72.3)	315 (6.0)
Yes	36 (27.7)	20 (94.0)	6.03 (3.33 – 10.92)	< 0.001
Binge drug use
No	99 (71.1)	284 (70.1)
Yes	31 (29.0)	51 (29.9)	1.74 (1.06 – 2.88)	0.029
Public drug use
No	101 (77.7)	317 (94.6)
Yes	29 (22.3)	18 (5.4)	5.06 (2.70 – 9.49)	< 0.001
Age
Median (and IQR)	31.7 (25.3–38.2)	34.1 (25.4–40.9)	0.95 (0.93 – 0.97)	< 0.001

Note: CI = Confidence Interval; IDU = injection drug user (any report of injection drug use at any time during follow-up); IQR = interquartile range.