Table 1.

Selected transgenic mouse models expressing HCV proteins and liver pathology

Transgene and promoter		Liver phenotype	Reference
Core	HBV	Steatosis	Perlemuter et al. (2002) [25]
		HCC	Moriya et al. (1998) [29]
		Oxidative stress	Moriya et al. (2001) [30]
		Alteration of cytokine expression	Tsutsumi et al. (2002) [41]
		Activation of retinoid X receptor alpha	Tsutsumi et al. (2002) [46]
		Steatosis, HCC	Moriishi et al. (2007) [26]
			Tanaka et al. (2008) [49]
			Tanaka et al. (2008) [50]
	EF-1α	Oxidative stress	Machida et al. (2006) [53]
Core–E1–E2	Albumin	Steatosis, HCC	Lerat et al. (2002) [32]
		HCC	Kamegaya et al. (2005) [34]
		Oxidative stress	Okuda et al. (2002) [54]
			Korenaga et al. (2005) [55]
	CMV	Steatosis, HCC	Naas et al. (2005) [92]
Core–E1–E2–NS2	Cre–loxP system	Hepatitis, cellular immune responses	Wakita et al. (1998) [61], Wakita et al. (2000) [62]
		Suppression of Fas-mediated cell death	Machida et al. (2001) [63]
Polyprotein	Alpha1 antitrypsin	Steatosis, intrahepatic T cell recruitment	Alonzi et al. (2004) [93]
	Albumin	Steatosis, HCC	Lerat et al. (2002) [32]
		Impairment of cellular immune response	Disson et al. (2004) [59]