Table 4.
Household curative expenditures per year by providers and expenditure quintiles in Vietnamese dong (%)
| Equalized household expenditure quintiles | Total | p-value | |||||
| Bottom | 2 | 3 | 4 | Top | |||
| Self-treatment | 44,930(17.3) | 54,707(14.5) | 71,020(14.1) | 68,341(13.6) | 62,575(8.7) | 60,332(12.8) | ** |
| Provider(Public+private) | 714,930(82.7) | 322,547(85.5) | 432,668(35.9) | 434,280(86,4) | 658,559(91.3) | 412,615(87.2) | ** |
| Private providers | 155,922(60.0) | 214,627(56.9) | 292,527(58.1) | 326,895(65.0) | 426,687(59.2) | 283,346(59.9) | |
| Traditional healer | 19,962(7.7) | 21,626(5.7) | 45,266(9.0) | 53,294(10.6) | 40,181(5.6) | 36,081(7.6) | ** |
| Private healthcare | 135,960(52.3) | 193,001(51.2) | 247,261(49.1) | 273,602(54.4) | 386,506(53.6) | 247,266(52.3) | |
| Public providers | 58,938(22.7) | 107,920(28.6) | 140,141(27.8) | 107,385(21.4) | 231,872(32.2) | 129,269(27.3) | ** |
| Commune health station | 16,360(6.3) | 19,848(5.3) | 46,813(9.3) | 19,328(3.8) | 15,961(2.2) | 23,699(5.0) | ** |
| District health centre | 17,034(6.6) | 65,697(17.4) | 52,600(10.4) | 38,198(7.6) | 54,522(7.6) | 45,621(9.6) | ** |
| Province/central hosp ital | 25,544(9.8) | 22,375(5.9) | 40,728(8.1) | 49,859(9.9) | 161,389(22.4) | 59,948(12.7) | *** |
| Total curative | 259,790(100) | 377,255(100) | 503,689(100) | 502,622(100) | 721,134(100) | 472,947(100) | |
HH is the abbreviation of household; p-value for the comparison between the lowest and highest quintile groups; *** denotes significant at the 1% level; **denotes significant at 5% level. Percentage shares are shown within brackets.