Oligodendrocytes and microglia/macrophages in the adult rat cervical spinal cord VLF are co-labeled with PDE4 subtypes. Representative transverse sections of the 3-day injured adult rat C5–C6 spinal cord VLF immunostained in combination for PDE4A (A, E), PDE4B (B, F), or PDE4D (C,G) and APC (A–C) or OX-42 (E–G). APC-immunopositive oligodendrocytes were co-labeled with all three PDE4s, whereas OX-42-immunopositive microglia/macrophages only were co-labeled with PDE4B. Colocalization is confirmed in orthogonal views of PDE4B with APC (D) and OX-42 (H). Scale bar=100µm.