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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2007 Oct 22;38(9):1287–1297. doi: 10.1017/S0033291707001882

Table 4.

Comparative model fits for education level as a continuous moderator of smoking intiation and nicotine dependence

Model fit Comparative model fit
Modela -2LL df △-2LL df p value Test
Full sample
Smoking initiation
1.Full ACETUVBF 8888.53 7994
2. No moderation ACEBF 8910.32 7997 21.79 3 <0.001 2 vs 1
 -2a. No shared environmental moderation ACETVBF 8904.78 7995 16.25 1 <0.001 2c vs a
 -2b. No nonshared environmental moderation ACETUBF 8910.05 7995 21.52 1 <0.001 2b vs 1
 -2c. No additive genetic moderation ACEUVBF 8908.50 7995 19.97 1 <0.0001 2c vs 1
3. Partial moderation
 -3a. Shared environmental moderation ACEUBF 8910.24 7996 21.71 2 <0.001 3a vs 1
 -3b. Nonshared environmental moderation ACEVBF 8909.86 7996 21.33 2 <0.001 3b vs 1
 -3c. Additive genetic moderation ACETBF 8910.12 7996 21.59 2 <0.001 3c vs 1
Nicotine dependence
1. Full ACETUVBF 12656.44 6914
2. No moderation ACEBF 12671.91 6917 15.47 3 0.001 2 vs 1
 - 2a. No shared environmental moderation ACETVBF 12657.33 6915 0.89 1 0.344 2a vs 1
 - 2b. No nonshared environmental moderation ACETBF 12658.60 6916 1.27 1 0.26 2b vs 2a
 - 2c. No additive genetic moderation ACEBF 12671.91 6917 13.31 1 <0.001 2c vs 2b
3. No shared environmental effects AETBF 12659.49 6917 0.89 1 0.346 3 vs 2b
4. No nonshared environmental effects ATBF 13700.05 6918 1040.56 1 <0.001 4 vs 3
5. No additive genetic moderation AEBF 12672.48 6918 12.99 1 <0.001 5 vs 3
Initiated Smokers
Nicotine dependence
1. Full ACETUVBF 6388.90 2990
2. No moderation ACEBF 6392.19 2993 3.30 3 0.348 2 vs 1
3. No shared environmental effects AEBF 6392.19 2994 0.00 1 0.999 3 vs 2
4. No nonshared environmental effects ABF 6500.08 2995 107.89 1 <0.001 4 vs 3
5. No additive genetic effects EBF 6469.80 2995 77.60 1 <0.001 5 vs 3
a

ACETUVB and F reflect model parameters as represented in Figure 1. B and F reflect both linear and quadratic effects of the moderator on the mean and were forced into each model. A, C and E reflect additive genetic, shared environmental and nonshared environmental variance. T, U, and V are path coefficients reflecting moderation of the A, C, E paths respectively by educational level.