Figure 4a. Protonation of 7–9 in FSO3H/SO2ClF
Figure 4b. Experimental and GIAO/B3LYP/6-31G(d)-derived NMR chemical shifts for 7H+, and Δδ13C values (in parentheses) relative to those for the parent 7 (red circles are roughly proportional to magnitude of Δδ13C values, threshold 5 ppm; a and b designations refer to interchangeable assignments; nd = not detected), and changes in the NPA-derived charges (Δq) for 7H+(dark circles are roughly proportional to C Δq and white circle to S Δq, threshold was set to 0.030).