Figure 2.

Secular version of the BMSEST model for whole-person care: the physician-patient relationship.

BMSEST = body, mind, spirit, environment, social, and transcendent; PT=physical therapy.

Arrow a = interactions between body and mind.

Arrow b = interactions between mind and spirit.

Arrow c = interactions between body and spirit.

Arrow d = interactions between environmental factors and the individual.

Arrow e = interactions between social factors and the individual.

Arrow f = therapeutic approaches at the body level.

Arrow g = therapeutic approaches at the mind level.

Arrow h = therapeutic approaches at the spirit level (specialized spiritual care).

Arrow i = therapeutic effects at the spirit level (general spiritual care).