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. 2008 Sep;6(5):412–420. doi: 10.1370/afm.886

Table 5.

Results of Regression Analyses (β) for Health Services: Extreme Utilization

Model Frequent Primary Care Use Frequent Ambulatory Use Polypharmacy
Model 1
Number of problems 0.492a 0.647b 0.810b
R2 (P) .199 (.109) .299 (.002) .472 (.000)
HL P .272 .494 .690
Model 2
Number of problems 0.436c 0.561b 0.769b
Impaired functional status 0.342 0.694d 0.394
R2 (P) .227 (.098) .394 (.000) .496 (.000)
HL P .912 .853 .982
Model 3
Number of problems 0.456c 0.580a 0.833b
Impaired functional status 0.083 0.709c 0.083
Symptoms
    Physical 1.370c 0.323 0.135
    Psychological −0.237 −0.503 0.363
    Social −0.021 −0.277 0.389
    Spiritual −0.477 0.378 0.003
R2 (P) .327 (.072) .419 (.001) .546 (.000)
HL P .784 .717 .994
Model 4
Number of problems 0.457c 0.691a 1.047b
Impaired functional status 0.286 0.815c −0.007
Symptoms
    Physical 2.135e −0.113 −0.338
    Psychological 0.038 0.227 0.323
    Social 0.917 0.611 1.773c
    Spiritual 1.780 1.861e 0.860
Symptom interactions
    Physical-spiritual −0.006 0.002 0.003
    Psychological-spiritual −0.008 −0.016 −0.001
    Social-spiritual −0.010e −0.007 −0.009c
R2 (P) .413 (.045) .475 (.001) .594 (.000)
HL P .951 .954 .817

Note: Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity (black), employment (full-time), married.

HL P=Hosmer-Lemeshow P value.

aP ≤.005.

bP ≤.001.

cP ≤.05.

dP ≤.01.

eP ≤.1.