End view showing the revised average orientations, with respect to a membrane surface, for the Trp indole rings 9, 11, 13 and 15 of the gramicidin A channel, looking down a lipid bilayer membrane normal (denoted by “+”). The revised ring orientations are more tilted than the earlier estimated orientations (figure 7 from ref. 1), which did not account for the asymmetry of the off-bond tensor elements.