FIGURE 1.

Measurements for binding of the three distinct lipoyl domains to PDK3 and PDK4 by isothermal titration calorimetry. For measuring binding of the lipoyl domain to PDK4, the solution containing 500 μm of L1, L2, or L3 in a syringe was injected in 8-μl increments into the reaction cell containing 1.8 ml of 80 μm PDK3 or PDK4 (based on the monomer) at 20 °C in a VP-ITC microcalorimeter. The L3 domain binds to PDK4 weakly with a K_d of 5 μm.