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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eat Behav. 2008 Jan 12;9(3):343–351. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2007.12.004

Table 4.

Comparison of night eaters and controls on mood, stress, quality of life, and sleep, and circadian preference.

  Variable   Night Eaters
N = 19		   Controls
N = 22		   Statistic, Significance
  BDI (M, sd) 17.3 ± 11.9 2.2 ± 2.8 t (1,39) = 5.7, p < 0.001
  PSS (10 item; M, sd) 22.2 ± 9.1 10.7 ± 4.6 t (1,38) = 5.1, p < 0.001
  QLES-Q (M, sd) 47.7 ± 11.5 56.4 ± 6.7 t (1,38) = 3.1, p = 0.003
PSQ (M, sd)
  Subjective Sleep Quality 2.1 ± 0.7 0.6 ± 0.6 t (1,38) = 7.1, p < 0.001
  Sleep Latency 1.6 ± 1.0 0.5 ± 0.5 t (1,37) = 5.5, p < 0.001
  Sleep Duration 1.3 ± 0.9 0.6 ± 0.5 t (1,37) = 2.7, p = 0.007
  Habitual Sleep Efficiency 1.1 ± 1.3 0.0 ± 0.0 t (1,36) = 4.6, p < 0.001
  Sleep Disturbance 1.4 ± 0.5 0.8 ± 0.4 t (1,37) = 3.9, p < 0.001
  Use of Sleep Medication 1.0 ± 1.1 0.1 ± 0.4 t (1,38) = 3.8, p = 0.001
  Daytime Dysfunction 1.3 ± 1.0 0.3 ± 0.5 t (1,38) = 4.0, p < 0.001
  Global Score 10.2 ± 3.7 2.9 ± 1.5 t (1,35) = 8.6, p < 0.001
  ESS 6.8 ± 4.9 5.7 ± 3.5 t (1,39) = 1.1, p = 0.27
  M-E Scale (M, sd) 32.6 ± 9.8 40.0 ± 7.7 t (1,39) = 2.7, p = 0.009

Note. BDI = Beck Depression Inventory, PSS = Perceived Stress Scale, QLESQ = Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, PSQ = Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire, ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale, M-E Scale = Morningness-Eveningness Scale.