Table 1.
Immunophenotyping of SP and non-SP cells from paired NK and RCC specimens
| Phenotypic Markers | NK SP (±SE) | NK NSP (±SE) | SP vs. NSP P Value | RCC SP (±SE) | RCC NSP (±SE) | SP vs. NSP P Value | NK vs. RCC SP P Value | NK vs. RCC NSP P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lineage | ||||||||
| Pan-cytokeratin | 82.3 (5.8) | 47.5 (6.9) | 0.01 | 67 (14.4) | 49 (11.2) | 0.02 | 0.36 | 0.91 |
| E-cadherin | 67.3 (1.6) | 37.3 (8.1) | 0.02 | 30 (11.2) | 21.8 (10.9) | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.31 |
| N-cadherin | 56.8 (1.9) | 28 (9.5) | 0.03 | 34.8 (7.1) | 20.5 (5.9) | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.54 |
| Cell cycle | ||||||||
| Ki- 67 | 19.5 (3.7) | 13 (5.6) | 0.7 | 27 (8.6) | 35.3 (10.5) | 0.04 | 0.45 | 0.11 |
| p21cip1/waf1 | 36 (10.7) | 10.8 (3.1) | 0.07 | 38.3 (8.4) | 21.3 (5.4) | 0.02 | 0.87 | 0.14 |
| p27kip1 | 66.8 (4.9) | 27.8 (7.7) | 0.001 | 66.8 (6.7) | 30 (7.6) | 0.0008 | 0.99 | 0.84 |
| Stem cell | ||||||||
| β-Catenin | 83.5 (3.6) | 55 (3.9) | 0.006 | 83 (5.9) | 58.5 (9.9) | 0.05 | 0.95 | 0.75 |
| Notch1 | 67.8 (5.5) | 42.3 (2.4) | 0.02 | 68 (7.7) | 42.8 (9.2) | 0.01 | 0.98 | 0.96 |
| Cleaved Notch | 56.5 (6.1) | 26.8 (2.4) | 0.03 | 50.3 (9.9) | 23 (5.5) | 0.04 | 0.61 | 0.55 |
| Sonic HedgeHog | 74.8 (2.6) | 40.3 (5.7) | 0.002 | 72.3 (7.1) | 48.5 (3.9) | 0.01 | 0.75 | 0.28 |
| Musashi-1 | 3 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | 0.4 | 1.3 (0.5) | 0.3 (0.3) | 0.4 | 0.32 | 0.37 |
| CD133 | 15.3 (3.7) | 1.7 (0.9) | 0.04 | 3.3 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.56 |
| CD44 | 71 (15.6) | 45.3 (5.5) | 0.16 | 70.3 (15.1) | 60 (11.1) | 0.1 | 0.98 | 0.29 |
| CD29 | 97 (1) | 82.3 (2.3) | 0.01 | 92 (4.1) | 86 (2) | 0.2 | 0.31 | 0.29 |
| PAX2 | 62.3 (1.5) | 34.7 (0.3) | 0.004 | 63.5 (12.5) | 24.5 (9.5) | 0.05 | 0.91 | 0.25 |
Values are mean percentage (±SE) of each population positive for each marker and display the significant difference between normal and malignant population by t-test. Side population (SP) and non-SP (NSP) cells from paired normal kidney (NK) and malignant (RCC) specimens were adhered to poly-l-lysine-coated slides and immunostained with lineage (Pan-Cytokeratin, E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin), cell cycle (Ki- 67, p21cip1/waf1, p27kip1), or putative stem cell markers (β-catenin, Notch1, Cleaved Notch, Sonic HedgeHog, Musashi-1, CD133, CD44, CD29, PAX2).