Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Retrospective Cohort (1979–2002) |
Prospective Cohort (2003–2006) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No anemia (n=622) |
Anemia (n=408) |
P value | No anemia (n=317) |
Anemia (n=359) |
P value | ||
| Age (years) | 75.1 (13.0) | 78.4 (11.5) | <0.001 | 75.5 (13.7) | 76.5 (12.9) | 0.32 | |
| Male | 281 (45.2) | 192 (47.1) | 0.55 | 156 (49.2) | 175 (48.7) | 0.90 | |
| Hypertension | 433 (69.6) | 269 (65.9) | 0.21 | 247 (77.9) | 276 (76.9) | 0.75 | |
| Ever smoker | 328 (53.1) | 210 (52.6) | 0.89 | 179 (56.6) | 227 (63.4) | 0.07 | |
| Diabetes | 115 (18.5) | 73 (17.9) | 0.81 | 95 (30.0) | 130 (36.2) | 0.09 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 (6.7) | 26.9 (6.8) | 0.99 | 29.5 (8.1) | 28.5 (6.9) | 0.08 | |
| Coronary artery | 200 (32.2) | 164 (40.2) | 0.008 | 170 (53.6) | 222 (61.8) | 0.03 | |
| disease | |||||||
| COPD | 141 (22.7) | 86 (21.1) | 0.55 | 93 (29.4) | 116 (32.3) | 0.42 | |
| Cancer | 85 (13.7) | 107 (26.2) | <0.001 | 101 (31.9) | 128 (35.7) | 0.30 | |
| Creatinine | |||||||
| clearance | 59.8 (37.0) | 48.3 (29.4) | <0.001 | 64.2 (35.6) | 53.5 (31.3) | <0.001 | |
| (mL/min) | |||||||
| NYHA class ¾ | -- | -- | 236 (74.5) | 271 (75.5) | 0.76 | ||
| BNP (mg/dL) | -- | -- | 270.0 (142.0, 529.0) | 321.5 (176.5, 625.3) | 0.002* | ||
| Ejection fraction ≥50% | -- | -- | 151 (47.6) | 208 (57.9) | 0.007 | ||
*
BNP was log transformed for analysis in determining p value.
Age, BMI, and creatinine clearance values are expressed as mean (standard deviation). BNP values are expressed as median (interquartile range). All other values are given as frequency (%).
BMI= body mass index, BNP= brain natriuretic peptide, COPD= chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NYHA= New York Heart Association