Table 1. Literature review.

Type (number) of studies	Number of patients per study	Prognostic factors reported (frequency of reporting)			U or MV analysis
Randomised controlled trial (n=4)3–6	207–322	Surgical	Metastases	(3)	4 MV
			Tumour location	(1)
		Clinical	Performance status	(3)
			Treatment	(1)
		Laboratory	Alkaline phosphatase	(1)
Consecutive series >500 patients (n=3)7–9	782–2380	Surgical	Metastases	(1)	2 MV
			Stage of disease	(1)	1 U
			Operation	(1)
		Clinical	Performance status	(1)
			Diabetes	(1)
			Pain	(1)
			Appetite/weight	(1)
			Jaundice	(1)
			Treatment	(1)
		Laboratory	Albumin	(1)
		Demographic	Age	(1)
			Specialist centre	(1)
Consecutive series 100–500 patients (n=14)10–23	102–450	Surgical	Metastases	(4)	13 MV
			Stage of disease	(2)	1 U
			Tumour location	(1)
			Operation	(2)
			Tumour size	(1)
			Duodenal invasion	(1)
			Peridissemination	(1)
			Ascites	(1)
		Clinical	Performance status	(2)
			Diabetes	(1)
			Pain	(1)
			Appetite/weight	(3)
			Symptom onset	(1)
			Treatment	(2)
		Laboratory	CA242	(2)
			CA19-9	(2)
			Leukocytes	(1)
			Gamma GT	(1)
			Albumin	(1)
			LDH	(1)
			CRP	(3)
			Iron	(1)
		Demographic	Age	(1)
Consecutive series	28–95	Surgical	Metastases	(1)	8 MV
<100 patients (n=15)24–38			Stage of disease	(1)	7 U
			Grade of disease	(1)
			Nodal status	(1)
			Operation	(1)
			Tumour size	(2)
			Fibrosis	(1)
		Clinical	Performance status Inflammation	(4)
			Appetite/weight	(1)
			Treatment	(1)
		Laboratory	CA19-9	(1)
			VEGF	(7)
			CEA	(1)
			Phase angle BIA	(1)
			SCA	(1)
				(1)

MV=multivariate; U=univariate.