Mapmodulin stimulates the initial rate of MPR transport from endosomes to the TGN in vitro. (A) Reactions contained 0.2 mg/ml cytosol, 100 ng/ml α-SNAP, 50 ng/ml Rab9–GDI complex, and either no mapmodulin (−) or 50 ng/ml (0.6 nM) mapmodulin (+) and were incubated at 30°C for the indicated times. (B) Kinetics of endosome-to-TGN transport in low or full cytosol. Reactions contained 0.2 mg/ml cytosol, 100 ng/ml α-SNAP (low cytosol), or 1 mg/ml cytosol (full cytosol) and were incubated for 5 or 10 min at 30°C. (C) Purified mapmodulin was titrated in the presence of low cytosol as described in B; reactions were for 10 min. Cytosol-dependent transport was determined by subtracting transport measured in the absence of cytosol. Values shown represent the average of duplicate determinations; bars represent SD.