Mating induces changes in oviduct transcript expression level. (A) Schematic representation of Drosophila female RT. The oviduct is composed of the lateral oviducts (LO) and common oviduct (CO). Other organs: ovary (OV), accessory gland (AG), sperm storage organs (SSO), and uterus (UT). (B) Identification of mating-responsive transcripts. Venn diagram of transcripts from unmated or mated oviducts at 3 h after mating: Of the 5,615 total transcripts present in either sample, 53 were present only in unmated oviduct, and 198 were present only in mated oviduct. A total of 432 transcripts were significantly differentially expressed (P < 0.05); of these, 33 were down-regulated and 122 were up-regulated by ≥1.5-fold. (C–E) Clusters of genes differentially expressed (fold change ≥1.5; P < 0.05) in oviducts of unmated and mated females at 3 h after mating. Expression ratios range from −1.8 (purple) to +1.8 (yellow). (C) Genes up-regulated in mated female; most immune-related genes (red) were higher in mated oviduct. (D) Genes down-regulated in mated female; transcription factors are highlighted (blue). (E) Genes differentially expressed in oviduct and whole-body assay (8); genes from cluster shown in C are highlighted in bold labels, with immune-related genes in red labels. Schematic in A adapted from FlyBase image FBim6932540. See also Fig. S1.