Fig. 3.

Species tree topology based on refs. 24–27. Values given on the branches, or in parentheses, are the maximum-likelihood free-ratio estimates of the non-synonymous substitution rate (d_N), the synonymous substitution rate (d_S) and omega (d_N/d_S), respectively. Branch lengths are scaled by the number of nucleotide substitutions per codon. The Yinpterochiroptera comprise the CF bats (green), Megaderma (orange), and the Old World fruit bats (blue), and both Yangochiroptera species are red. The dashed lines A, B, and C show the ancestral branches of the three groups studied.