FIG. 3.

Utilization of C₄ dicarboxylates for aerobic growth of C. glutamicum cells. C. glutamicum R wild-type strain containing a control vector plasmid (black squares), the dcsT-deficient strain (white triangles), and the dcsT-overexpressing strain (white circles) were aerobically grown on BT minimal medium supplemented with succinate (A and B), fumarate (C and D), or malate (E and F). The OD₆₁₀ (A, C, and E) were monitored. The time courses of changes in the concentrations of succinate (B), fumarate (D), and malate (F) in the medium are shown. Similar results were obtained from two independent experiments, and the mean values are shown.