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PGC-1α and NRF1 modulate expression of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. Neuronal differentiation involves a dramatic up-regulation of expression of PGC-1α. Upon phosphorylation it can actively bind its regulatory partner NRF1 to activate expression of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins such as cytochrome C (Cyt C)52. A second regulatory mechanism is illustrated when PGC-1α is bound by Mybbp1a (p160), cannot be phosphorylated and cannot activate NRF131.
