Figure 1. Visual representation of pass/fail grading with the modified Thomas test. A, For a pass score, the participant's test leg remains relaxed with the knee in a position of at least 90° of flexion. B, For a fail score, the participant's test-leg demonstrates a position of less than 90° of knee flexion. C, Visual representation of goniometer scoring. To measure test-leg knee flexion angle, we placed an adhesive marker over the head of the fibula and centered an 18-in (45.72-cm), semirigid plastic goniometer over it.