Table 1.
ID | Sex | AGE (months) | DUR (months) | Handedness | ARF |
EEG Finding | Seizure semiology | AED History* | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Right | Left | ||||||||
1 | F | 227 | 86 | Right | LS | LS | Occasional sharp waves from left tempo-frontal region | Aura of colors in front of eyes, followed by staring episodes and behavioral arrest | LAM, LEV,LOR |
2 | M | 152 | 58 | Right | LS | LS | Frequent spike waves from left fronto-parieto-temporal region | Feeling weird followed by generalized tonic clonic activity | LEV |
3 | F | 111 | 99 | Right | LS | LS | Intermittent rhythmic theta activity in left temporal region | Drooling, chewing and repeated swallowing, followed by generalized stiffening, and falls asleep postictally | CAR, LEV |
4 | F | 86 | 81 | Left | PS | LS | Intermittent sharp wave activities at the left temporal region | Episodes of agitation with some difficulty in breathing and automatism | VAL, LEV, GAB |
5 | F | 40 | 35 | Right | LS | PS | Occasional Sharp wave activity in the left fronto-temporal region | Head drops, stiffness of body with arm lifting and shaking | DIV, TOP, ZON |
6 | F | 11 | 5 | Right | LS | PS | Rhythmic theta activity in the left parieto-temporal region | Generalized body stiffening with light twitching of the extremities | PHE, OXC, TOP |
7 | M | 200 | 36 | Right | LS | LS | Rare spike and sharp waves in the left subtemporal region | Visual and auditory hallucination, staring spells | DIV, ZON, TOP |
8 | M | 199 | 140 | Right | LS | LS | Continuous polymorphic delta slowing over left temporo-occipital region | Feeling weird followed by GTC | ZON, TOP |
9 | F | 138 | 114 | Left | LS | LS | Frequent spike waves from left parieto-temporal region | Eye flutters, atonic head drops | LAM, CLO |
10 | F | 89 | 25 | Right | LS | PS | Frequent left fronto-temporal spike wave activity as well as frequent generalized spike and wave activities | Staring episodes with behavioral arrest | OXC, LAM, ETO, DIV |
11 | M | 208 | 56 | Right | LS | LS | Frequent left sided polyspike bursts | Whole body stiffening, shaking and foaming of the mouth | DIV, ZON, LEV |
12 | M | 186 | 175 | Right | LS | LS | Occasional interictal sharp wave activity in the left temporal region during sleep | Staring episodes, eyes and head deviation to right side followed by mouth twitching, and right hand shaking | DIV, OXC, LAM |
13 | F | 27 | 24 | Left | LS | LS | Frequent spike and wave and sharp wave activity over the left posterior temporal region | Myoclonic jerking | LAM, OXC, VIG |
Abbreviations: F: female, M: male, DUR: duration of epilepsy, ARF: arcuate fasciculus, LS: long segment of arcuate fasciculus, PS: posterior segment of arcuate fasciculus (Catani et al., 2005). When the long segment (LS) of arcuate fasciculus was absent, the posterior segment (PS) alone was used. AED: Antiepileptic drug, LAM: Lamortigine, LEV: Levetiracetam, LOR: Lorazepam, CAR: Carbamazepine, VAL: Sodium Valporate, GAB: Gabapentin, DIV: Sodium divalproex, PHE: Phenobarbital, ZON: Zonisamide, TOP: Topiramate, OXY: Oxcarbazepine, VIG: Vigabatrin, ETO: Ethosuximide, CLO: Clobazam.
Drug history includes only the available data in our clinical database and it may be incomplete.