Table 2.
Glycemic and blood pressure in year 4 by 3-year weight change–trajectory pattern
| Higher stable weight | Lower stable weight | Weight loss | Weight gain | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1C measurements | |||||
| n (%) | 322 (16.9) | 1,135 (59.4) | 227 (11.9) | 227 (11.9) | |
| Above-goal mean A1C (%)† | 153 (47.5) | 472 (41.6) | 63 (27.8) | 118 (52.0) | <0.0001 |
| A1C (%) | 7.2 ± 1.3c | 7.0 ± 1.2ad | 6.6 ± 1.1bcd | 7.3 ± 1.4ab | <0.0001 |
| Median (IQR) | 6.9 (6.3–7.8) | 6.8 (6.2–7.5) | 6.4 (5.8–7.1) | 7.0 (6.2–78.0) | |
| Mean A1C stratum (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| <7 | 169 (52.5) | 663 (58.4) | 164 (72.2) | 109 (48.0) | |
| 7–8 | 87 (27.0) | 277 (24.4) | 41 (18.1) | 59 (26.0) | |
| 8–9 | 37 (11.5) | 120 (10.6) | 14 (6.2) | 31 (13.7) | |
| ≥9 | 29 (9.0) | 75 (6.6) | 8 (3.5) | 28 (12.3) | |
| Blood pressure measurements | |||||
| n (%) | 396 (16.4) | 1447 (60.1) | 285 (11.8) | 281 (11.7) | |
| Above-goal mean blood pressure (mmHg)† | 291 (73.5) | 893 (61.7) | 172 (60.4) | 189 (67.3) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135.9 ± 12.9ab | 132.9 ± 14.0a | 131.6 ± 13.2b | 133.4 ± 13.3 | <0.0001 |
| Median (IQR) | 135 (127–144) | 132 (123–141) | 131 (122–139) | 132 (125–140) | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.1 ± 7.8ab | 77.1 ± 8.2bd | 77.4 ± 8.4ac | 79.3 ± 8.3cd | <0.0001 |
| Median (IQR) | 80 (75–85) | 77 (71–82) | 79 (72–82) | 80 (74–84) | |
| Mean systolic blood pressure stratum (mmHg) | 0.0364 | ||||
| ≤130 | 143 (36.1) | 650 (44.9) | 135 (47.4) | 133 (47.3) | |
| 130–139 | 110 (27.8) | 389 (26.9) | 81 (28.4) | 69 (24.6) | |
| 140–159 | 125 (31.6) | 355 (24.5) | 61 (21.4) | 69 (24.6) | |
| ≥160 | 18 (4.5) | 53 (3.7) | 8 (2.8) | 10 (3.5) | |
| Mean diastolic blood pressure stratum (mmHg) | <0.0001 | ||||
| ≤80 | 198 (50.0) | 970 (67.0) | 182 (63.9) | 151 (53.7) | |
| 80–89 | 155 (39.1) | 385 (26.6) | 82 (28.8) | 104 (37.0) | |
| 90–99 | 40 (10.1) | 84 (5.8) | 19 (6.6) | 24 (8.6) | |
| ≥100 | 3 (0.8) | 8 (0.6) | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) |
Data are n (%) and means ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
*
Comparison across all 4 groups.
†
Includes those with one or more measures during year 4.
abcd
Means with the same superscripts are significantly different from one another at P < 0.05. IQR, interquartile range.