Table 1.

Summary of studies examining the effect of ethanol on TrkB or BDNF levels in mature animals and in vitro. Blood ethanol concentrations are noted if reported.

Model	Exposure	Protein/mRNA	Change	Reference
Human Patients	Self administration	Plasma BDNF Protein	↓ in alcoholic patients ↓↓with + family history	Joe et al., 2007
C57BL/6J DBA/J2 Mice	IP injection 2g/kg	BDNF mRNA Array RT-PCR	↑NAc DBA/J2 only ↔ PFCx	Kerns et al., 2005
C57BL/6J Mice	Vapor inhalation 2 × 64 hrs, 1 week apart 150–200 mg/dL	BDNF mRNA Array RT-PCR Western blot	↓PFC mRNA 0 HPE ↓protein 0 and 8 HPE in PFC ↔HP, vStr	Melendez et al., 2006
P and NP rats	No exposure	BDNF ELISA normalized to protein	↓ in NAc of P rats	Yan et al., 2005
PKCγ ko mice	Liquid diet 11 days 213 mg/dL	BDNF array BDNF RT-PCR	↓ in KO by array ↔ by PCR cerebellum	Bowers et al., 2006
Rat	Liquid diet 19 weeks	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR	↔ hippocampus	Okamoto et al., 2006
Rat	Liquid diet 28 weeks CET 24 hr WD 150–175 mg/dL	TrkB mRNA Northern blot	↑ Cortex	Baek et al., 1996
Rat	Liquid diet 15 days 101 mg/dL	BDNF Western blot	↔ on diet ↓ at 24 hr WD Cortex	Pandey et al., 1999
Rat	Liquid diet 28 weeks CET 24 hr WD 150–175 mg/dL	BDNF mRNA Northern blot	↓ in HP	MacLennan et al., 1995
Rat	Liquid diet 3 days/week 6–24 weeks	IHC stereology	↑ number of BDNF⁺ cells ↑ BDNF/cell Somatosensory cortex (layer V)	Bruns and Miller 2007
Rat	Liquid diet 8–24 weeks	BDNF ELISA Normalized to protein	↑ parietal Cx 24 weeks ↑ basal FB 8 and 24 weeks ↑ septum 24 weeks ↓ HP at 8 weeks only	Miller M. and Mooney 2004
Rat	Liquid diet Chronic Episodic exposure 6–24 weeks 137 mg/dL	BDNF ELISA Normalized to protein	↑ parietal Cx ↔ Enterhinal Cx ↑ septum ↑ HP early	Miller M. 2004
Rat	Liquid diet 28 weeks 150–175 mg/dL	BDNF mRNA TrkB mRNA RT-PCR	↔HP ↔ basal FB	Miller R. et al., 2002
Rat	Liquid diet 6 weeks 142 mg/dL	TrkB mRNA BDNF mRNA	↔	Zhang et al., 2000
Rat	Vapor inhalation 4 weeks 94–103 mg/dL	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR ISHH TrkB mRNA RPA	↓ during exposure HP (CA1 and DG) and SON ↑ CA3, DG, SON 12 hr WD ↑ SON, HP TrkB mRNA	Tapia-Arancibia et al., 2001
C57BL/6 mice	2 bottle choice	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR	↑ DStr ↔ PFC, HP	McGough et al., 2004
C57BL/6 mice	IP injection 2g/kg	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR	↑ DStr, HP Not detected NAc
Hippocampal neurons	10–100 mM	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR	↑ 0.5–2 hr ↓ 24–48 hr
Striatal slices	100 mM acute	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR	↑
SH-SY5Y Cells	100 mM	BDNF ELISA	↓ secretion in differentiated cells	Sakai et al., 2005
Cortical neurons	200 mg/dL 48 hr	TrkB Western blot	↔	Seabold et al., 1998
Hippocampal explant cultures	100 mM 4 hr	BDNF mRNA RT-PCR	↓ EtOH combined with TNF, glutamate and H₂0₂	Zou and Crews 2006
Cerebellar granule cells	400–1,600 mg/mL	BDNF ELISA	↓ secretion	Heaton et al., 2004
Cerebellar granule cells	100 mM	BDNF ELISA	↓ secretion	Bhave et al., 1999

Abbreviations: DG, dentate gyrus; Cx, cortex; HP, hippocampus; ISHH, in situ hybridization histochemistry; NAc, nucleus accumbens; PFC, prefrontal cortex; RT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; SON, supraoptic nucleus; Str, striatum, TNF, tumor necrosis factor; vStr, ventral striatum; WD, withdrawal.