Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Res Toxicol. 2007 Dec 4;21(1):93–101. doi: 10.1021/tx700191p

Scheme 1. Bioactivation of equilenin (EN) to redox active/electrophilic quinoids.

Scheme 1

Interaction with estrogen receptors (ERs) and ER associated nuclear proteins, DNA, and cytosolic proteins which represent potential cellular targets of estrogen quinoids which could contribute to estrogen carcinogenesis.