Table 1.

Reported cases of tuberculous knee arthritis in children

Author (reference)	Number of Cases	Number with joint/bone infection only	Appendicular joints involved	Presentation age	Diagnosis of tuberculosis	Chest radiograph	Skin test
Southwood (18)	1	1	Knees, ankles	2 years	Positive culture from bone	Hilar adenopathy; no parenchymal involvement	Positive
Jacobs (14)	1	1	Knee	4 years	Histopathology (giant cells); cultures and stains for TB negative	Not stated	Initially negative then positive
Jacobs (14)	1	0	Knee	8 months	Positive synovial fluid culture	Positive	Initially negative then positive
Haygood (12)	45	Unknown	Hip – 18 Knee – 17 Ankle – 5 Shoulder – 2 Midfoot, elbow, wrist, hand – 1 each	6 months to 19 years	Positive culture, histopathology and/or guinea pig inoculation	Not stated	Not stated
Al-Matar (7)	1	1	Knee	2 years	Positive culture and histopathology	Normal	Positive
Al-Matar (7)	1	1	Knee	6 years	Positive culture and histopathology	Normal	Positive
Hoffman (13)	52	24	Knees	8 months to 13 years	Predominantly histopathologic but details not stated	Normal in 24 (47%)	91% Positive
Sawhney (17)	1	1	Knees, elbow, shoulder	13 years	Positive culture, polymerase chain reaction and histopathology	Normal	Positive
Aloui (8)	1	1	Knee	1 year	Histopathology of bone lesion	Normal	Negative
Aloui (8)	1	1	Knee	2 years	Histopathology and positive culture of bone lesion	Normal	Not stated
Uzel (19)	1	1	Knee	9 years	Synovial histopathology; cultures negative	Normal	Positive
Rajakumar (present case)	1	1	Knee	2 years	Synovial fluid culture	Normal	Initially negative then positive