| Patient-factors |
| Co-morbidities |
| Aging |
| Reluctance to report symptoms |
| Fear of recurrence |
| Symptoms as a reminder of cancer |
| Perceptions of pain |
| Negative experiences with pain medications in the past |
| Lost to follow-up after primary treatment |
| Professional-factors |
| Lack of knowledge in |
| Prevalence and incidence of chronic pain |
| Assessment and management of chronic pain syndromes |
| Basic pain assessment and management skills |
| Not informing survivors of potential of developing chronic pain |
| Lack of comprehensive and clear guidelines for follow-up care of survivors |
| Scientific factors |
| Limited research in chronic pain syndromes |
| Lack of well-validated research instruments in chronic pain |
| Limited research in the quality of cancer survivorship |
