Table 1.

Characteristics of patients enrolled in the study.

Characteristics	Survivors n = 20	Non-survivors n = 11	P-value*
Age (years)	79(39–96)**	80(72–89)**	n.s†
Sex(males/females)	12/8	4/7
Simplified Acute Physiology Score II‡	45·6 ± 16·57	54·60 ± 9·87	n.s†
No.(%) with gram(−) infection	2(10%)	4(36·36%)	n.s
No.(%) with gram(+) infection	2(10%)	2(18·18%)	n.s
No.(%) with hypoxemia§	5(25%)	4(36·36%)	n.s
No.(%) with respiratory failure¶	0	3(27·27%)	n.s
No.(%) with renal impairment††	8(40%)	5(45·45%)	n.s
No.(%) with disseminated intravascular coagulation‡‡	10(50%)	7(63·6%)	n.s
Days of hospitalization	11·58 ± 6	8·6 ± 6·2	n.s†

^*Fischer exact two-tailed P-value for the comparison of proportions.

^**Median (range).

^†Unpaired t-test was used for the comparison between the survivors and non-survivors. n.s., not significant.

^‡Score on admission.

^§PaO₂ ≤ 75 mmHg without evidence of primary lung disease.

^¶Ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to forced inspiratory oxygen fraction of inspired oxygen <300.

^††Creatinine concentration of >3·5 mg/dl or hemodialysis or oliguria of <250 ml/24 h.

^‡‡Disseminated intravascular coagulation (disseminated intravascular coagulation) represents prothrombin time or partial thromboplastin time of ≥1·2 times the upper normal limit plus d-dimers ≥500 or platelets ≤100 000/µl.