Table 2.

Characteristics of Functioning, Well-being, and General Health in Adulthood Among the 4 Groups of Children by LBW and Childhood Abuse Status^*

	Group
	1	2	3	4	Adjusted F Statistic
	Either (n = 1232)	Only LBW (n = 246)	Only Abuse (n = 226)	Both LBW and Abuse (n = 44)	ANCOVA	MANCOVA	Significant Pairwise Comparisons†
Sense of success in life‡	2.22 (0.85)	2.28 (0.95)	2.56 (0.89)	2.69 (0.98)	11.6§	11.4§	1, 2 < 3, 4
Quality of life||	5.43 (1.3)	5.44 (1.2)	4.77 (1.5)	4.60 (1.8)	19.0§	18.7§	1, 2 > 3, 4
Emotional well-being¶	5.95 (1.1)	5.88 (1.1)	5.21 (1.5)	5.12 (1.4)	27.1§	28.6§	1, 2 > 3, 4
General health condition¶	5.76 (1.1)	5.73 (1.1)	5.42 (1.3)	5.10 (1.5)	8.9§	9.2§	1, 2 > 3, 4
Physical health condition¶	5.72 (1.2)	5.72 (1.1)	5.35 (1.4)	4.97 (1.7)	9.4§	10.3§	1, 2 < 3, 4
Mental health condition#	2.01 (1.0)	2.00 (1.0)	2.51 (1.1)	2.60 (1.1)	16.9§	18.1§	1, 2 > 3, 4

Abbreviations: ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; LBW, low birth weight; MANCOVA, multivariate ANCOVA.

^*Data are given as mean (SD) scores.

^†Numbers denote group numbers.

^‡Lower scores denote higher success, ranging from very successful to not successful at all (4-point Likert scale).

^§P<.001.

^||Higher scores denote better quality of life, ranging from worst to best (10-point Likert scale).

^¶Higher scores denote more satisfaction, ranging from terrible to delighted (7-point Likert scale)

^#Lower scores denote better health, ranging from excellent to poor (5-point Likert scale).