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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Oct 6.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Ophthalmol. 2008 Mar;126(3):354–364. doi: 10.1001/archopht.126.3.354

TABLE 2.

Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for overall nuclear cataract age-related nuclear sclerosis in women by levels of lutein plus zeaxanthin in the diet

Lutein and Zeaxanthin Intake Group
Low --------------------------High--------------------------
Median intake of LZ [range] (mg/d) 0.8
[0.3-1.1]		 2.6
[2.0-10.7]
Referent N (with outcome) Age-adjusted model Multivariable-adjusted model1
Overall Nuclear Cataract (nuclear
sclerosis score ≥ 4 and/or cataract 		1.00 1802 (733) 0.77 (0.62-0.96) 0.81 (0.65-1.01)
Nuclear Sclerosis Score ≥ 4 1.00 1571 (451) 0.79 (0.62-1.00) 0.80 (0.62-1.02)
1

Odds ratios are adjusted for age (continuous), smoking status at WHI Baseline (never, past, current), iris pigmentation (dark brown, light brown, green, or blue), physical activity (METs), multivitamin use at CAREDS baseline (>2y vs. non-user), hormone replacement therapy use at WHI-Baseline (never, past, current), pulse pressure at WHI-Baseline (continuous), body mass index at WHI-Baseline (weight in kg/height in m2)