Table 5.
Multivariate multinominal logistic regression for “frequent” and “heavy” users of cannabis versus “never used” by gender
| Boys | Girls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequent user* | Heavy user* | Frequent user* | Heavy user* | |||||
| Odds ratio | 95% CI† | Odds ratio | 95% CI† | Odds ratio | 95% CI† | Odds ratio | 95% CI† | |
| Grade | ||||||||
| 7–8‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 9 | 2.17 | 1.43–3.28 | 2.97 | 1.64–5.35 | 1.09 | 0.73–1.64 | 1.90 | 0.99–3.63 |
| 10 | 1.89 | 1.26–2.83 | 2.92 | 1.65–5.17 | 1.23 | 0.84–1.79 | 1.87 | 1.03–3.41 |
| 11 | 1.83 | 1.20–2.79 | 2.78 | 1.56–4.95 | 1.05 | 0.69–1.59 | 1.84 | 0.97–3.47 |
| 12 | 1.33 | 0.82–2.16 | 2.73 | 1.48–5.06 | 1.00 | 0.60–1.65 | 2.32 | 1.13–4.77 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| White‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Aboriginal | 2.69 | 1.86–3.89 | 2.54 | 1.61–4.01 | 0.98 | 0.66–1.46 | 1.58 | 0.96–2.60 |
| Other | 0.63 | 0.40–1.01 | 1.00 | 0.60–1.64 | 0.40 | 0.25–0.66 | 0.54 | 0.28–1.07 |
| Self-reported economic status of family compared with rest of BC Better‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| About the same | 1.18 | 0.89–1.56 | 1.17 | 0.83–1.64 | 1.23 | 0.92–1.65 | 1.03 | 0.68–1.57 |
| Worse | 1.39 | 0.90–2.16 | 2.09 | 1.26–3.47 | 2.19 | 1.41–3.40 | 2.56 | 1.42–4.61 |
| Physical health Excellent‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Very good | 0.98 | 0.72–1.34 | 1.22 | 0.83–1.79 | 0.93 | 0.64–1.34 | 0.88 | 0.46–1.66 |
| Good | 0.95 | 0.65–1.39 | 1.32 | 0.68–1.80 | 1.06 | 0.70–1.61 | 1.35 | 0.71–2.59 |
| Fair/poor | 0.66 | 0.36–1.24 | 1.19 | 0.60–2.45 | 1.05 | 0.59–1.88 | 1.23 | 0.54–2.80 |
| Mental health | ||||||||
| Excellent‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Very good | 1.26 | 0.92–1.72 | 1.22 | 0.83–1.79 | 1.31 | 0.89–1.93 | 1.49 | 0.80–2.77 |
| Good | 1.21 | 0.79–1.85 | 1.11 | 0.68–1.80 | 1.26 | 0.80–1.98 | 2.19 | 1.13–4.21 |
| Fair/poor | 1.59 | 0.86–2.96 | 1.21 | 0.60–2.45 | 1.82 | 1.04–3.18 | 3.53 | 1.64–7.60 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||||||
| Minimal‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Mild | 0.82 | 0.55–1.21 | 0.94 | 0.58–1.53 | 1.44 | 0.98–2.09 | 1.27 | 0.75–2.13 |
| Moderate/severe | 1.25 | 0.79–1.98 | 1.01 | 0.59–1.73 | 0.98 | 0.65–1.49 | 0.91 | 0.52–1.61 |
| Academic performance compared to other students at school | ||||||||
| Above average‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Slightly above average | 1.22 | 0.84–1.78 | 1.05 | 0.65–1.70 | 1.30 | 0.89–1.90 | 1.97 | 1.10–3.52 |
| About average | 1.28 | 0.90–1.83 | 1.16 | 0.74–1.82 | 1.26 | 0.88–1.82 | 1.64 | 0.95–2.84 |
| Slightly below average | 1.73 | 1.10–2.73 | 1.69 | 0.98–2.92 | 1.58 | 0.94–2.66 | 2.58 | 1.29–5.18 |
| Below average | 1.64 | 0.98–2.74 | 1.59 | 0.87–2.88 | 1.15 | 0.63–2.08 | 1.71 | 0.79–3.69 |
| Feel like an outsider at school | ||||||||
| Never‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Rarely | 1.12 | 0.78–1.60 | 0.67 | 0.44–1.02 | 0.83 | 0.56–1.24 | 0.75 | 0.43–1.32 |
| Some of the time | 1.03 | 0.67–1.60 | 0.56 | 0.33–0.93 | 0.71 | 0.45–1.13 | 0.70 | 0.37–1.32 |
| All or most of the time | 0.96 | 0.55–1.68 | 0.48 | 0.25–0.90 | 0.54 | 0.29–1.01 | 0.51 | 0.22–1.15 |
| Number of drinks in past year | ||||||||
| None or one sip‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Drank only at special events | 3.06 | 1.94–4.84 | 2.49 | 1.25–4.99 | 3.12 | 1.90–5.12 | 2.81 | 1.10–7.15 |
| Once a month or less | 9.66 | 6.33–14.73 | 9.19 | 5.04–16.75 | 10.03 | 6.47–15.54 | 7.83 | 3.49–17.60 |
| 2 or 3 times a month | 23.76 | 15.18–37.21 | 35.92 | 19.66–65.62 | 27.98 | 17.69–44.27 | 47.50 | 21.23–106.28 |
| Once a week | 17.50 | 9.98–30.68 | 37.26 | 18.80–73.87 | 46.43 | 25.10–85.91 | 91.82 | 36.94–228.22 |
| More than once a week | 25.75 | 13.93–47.61 | 84.05 | 40.87–172.86 | 68.62 | 28.54–165.00 | 216.37 | 72.59–644.97 |
| Number of cigarettes smoked in life | ||||||||
| None‡ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| One puff or a few puffs | 3.74 | 2.69–5.19 | 5.54 | 3.64–8.44 | 3.95 | 0.89–17.47 | 12.04 | 6.35–22.84 |
| 1–5 cigarettes | 7.56 | 4.65–12.30 | 12.26 | 6.88–21.83 | 9.45 | 6.04–14.78 | 24.58 | 11.86–50.96 |
| 6–15 cigarettes | 8.12 | 4.30–15.31 | 18.55 | 9.41–36.55 | 12.18 | 6.76–21.91 | 33.80 | 14.73–77.60 |
| 16–99 cigarettes | 12.30 | 6.23–24.29 | 35.35 | 17.30–72.21 | 18.39 | 10.12–33.42 | 85.70 | 38.78–189.39 |
| More than 100 cigarettes | 11.40 | 5.83–22.30 | 74.34 | 37.97–145.54 | 34.56 | 17.21–69.37 | 245.92 | 104.64–577.97 |
| Satisfaction with self | 1.53 | 1.20–1.95 | 1.26 | 0.95–1.66 | 1.28 | 1.01–1.62 | 1.35 | 0.98–1.85 |
| Satisfaction with family | 0.77 | 0.66–0.91 | 0.79 | 0.66–0.96 | 0.83 | 0.72–0.95 | 0.85 | 0.70–1.02 |
| Satisfaction with friends | 0.84 | 0.68–1.03 | 0.74 | 0.59–0.94 | 1.03 | 0.82–1.28 | 1.08 | 0.81–1.45 |
| Satisfaction with school | 0.96 | 0.82–1.11 | 0.80 | 0.66–0.97 | 0.86 | 0.73–1.02 | 0.79 | 0.64–0.99 |
*
The referent is “never used.”
†
CI, confidence interval.
‡
Reference group.