ESI mass spectra of bovine ubiquitin from 10−5 M solutions consisting of (a) 49.5/49.5/1, by volume water/methanol/acetic acid, (b) 49.9/49.9/0.2 water/methanol/acetic acid, and (c) 200 mM ammonium bicarbonate in water. ECD mass spectra of isolated ubiquitin 6+ for solutions (a–c) are shown in (d–f), respectively. The peaks in (a–c) are (ubiquitin + nH)n+ where n is the charge as indicated in the figure. In (d–f), the residual precursor ion peak and reduced molecular ion peaks capturing one and two electrons are labeled. Fragment ions below m/z 1300 are not shown.