Table 4.
Linear regression analysis of testosterone levels at age 14. Regression coefficient (and 95% CI) for exposure (yes/no), R2 change due to the exposure to prenatal maternal stress, and significance (F-test, p-value) for models adjusted for timing of the sample, pubertal development, birth weight and clustered data.
| Exposure | B | (95 % CI) | R2 change | F | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any time of pregnancy | |||||
| Males | 0.01 | (−0.04 – 0.06) | 0.00 | 0.04 | 0.84 |
| Females | 0.06 | (0.01 – 0.10) | 0.03 | 5.05 | < 0.05 |
|
| |||||
| From 1st trimester onwards | |||||
| Males | 0.10 | (0.00 – 0.19) | 0.05 | 2.29 | 0.14 |
| Females | 0.10 | (−0.02 – 0.21) | 0.04 | 3.05 | 0.09 |
|
| |||||
| From 2nd trimester onwards | |||||
| Males | 0.00 | (−0.11 – 0.11) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.96 |
| Females | 0.16 | (0.08 – 0.24) | 0.18 | 14.15 | < 0.001 |
|
| |||||
| During 3rd trimester | |||||
| Males | −0.02 | (−0.13 – 0.09) | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.92 |
| Females | −0.06 | (−0.13 – 0.01) | 0.05 | 3.23 | 0.08 |
B = regression coefficient; 95 % CI: 95% confidence interval