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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Immunol. 2008 Jul 6;9(8):908–916. doi: 10.1038/ni.1634

Figure 2.

Figure 2

PGRP-LE and autophagy, but not the Toll and IMD pathways, are required to suppress the intracellular growth of L. monocytogenes in hemocytes. (a) Hemocytes from third instar larvae of the indicated genotype were cultured ex vivo and infected with wild-type L. monocytogenes. Hemocyte nuclei (filled arrowhead) and DNA of L. monocytogenes (open arrowhead) were visualized by DAPI staining (blue or white), and the actin cytoskeleton was stained with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin (red). For the induction of RNAi against Atg5, an inverted repeat sequence of Atg5 (Atg5IR) was expressed using hml-GAL4 (hmlGAL4>Atg5IR). Bars represent 10 µm. (b) The number of intracellular wild-type (WT Lm) or Δhly (Δhly Lm) L. monocytogenes per hemocyte of the indicated genotype was manually counted by DAPI staining of the infected hemocytes. Bars indicate standard deviation of triplicate measurements of at least three independent experiments. *P < 0.001 (t-test) each genotype versus wild-type. Genotype abbreviations used: PGRP-LE112,ywPGRP-LE112; LE112,hml>LE, ywPGRP-LE112;UAS-PGRP-LE/+;hml-GAL4/+; PGRP-LC7454, w;;PGRP-LC7454; RelE20, RelishE20; J4, Df(2L)J4; hml>Atg5IR, ywUAS-Atg5IR/+;;hml-GA4/+; w−,hml>Atg1, w−;;UAS-Atg16B/hml-GAL4, LE112,hml>Atg1, ywPGRP-LE112;;UAS-Atg16B/hml-GAL4