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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Oct 7.
Published in final edited form as: Nurs Res. 1997;46(5):277–283. doi: 10.1097/00006199-199709000-00006

TABLE 1.

Means and Standard Deviations of Disempowerment Themes Variables at Time Points Durine Therapy

Time 1
Time 2
M (SD) M (SD) P
Anxiety 2.95 (2.52) 2.02 (1.96) .0006
Denial 2.63 (3.01) 1.81 (2.06) .004
Despair 3.47 (3.21) 2.30 (2.61) .0005
Helplessness 1.00 (1.15) .78 (1.00) NS
Isolation .94 (1.48) .59 (.93) .03
Loneliness .62 (.80) .49 (.88) NS
Loss 1.47 (.20) 1.15 (1.48) NS
Total 13.07 (7.73) 9.14 (6.04) .0001

N = 80.