Table 1.

Pre- and Postsupplementation Debrisoquine Urinary Recovery Ratios

Supplement	Presupplementation	Postsupplementation.	Difference	Post/Pre Ratios†
	(mean and 95% CI)	(mean and 95% CI)	(mean and 95% CI)	(geo. mean and 90% CI)
Goldenseal	0.708 (0.632 to 0.785)	0.374 (0.285 to 0.463)	−0.334 (−0.270 to −0.398)*	0.53 (0.44 to 0.64)*
Kava kava	0.654 (0.568 to 0.739)	0.669 (0.573 to 0.765)	0.015 (0.021 to −0.052)	1.01 (0.96 to 1.06)
Black cohosh	0.684 (0.610 to 0.759)	0.679 (0.593 to 0.765)	0.005 (0.041 to −0.030)	0.99 (0.94 to 1.04)
Milk thistle	0.694 (0.621 to 0.767)	0.672 (0.602 to 0.743)	−0.022 (0.051 to −0.007)	0.97 (0.93 to 1.10)
St. John's wort	0.606 (0.522 to 0.691)	0.620 (0.537 to 0.703)	0.014 (0.022 to −0.049)	1.02 (0.97 to 1.07)
Echinacea	0.583 (0.514 to 0.653)	0.601 (0.530 to 0.673)	0.018 (0.013 to −0.048)	1.03 (0.98 to 1.07)

CI = confidence interval, HDEB = 6-hydroxydebrisoquine, DEB = debrisoquine

^†= geometric mean of postsupplementation/presupplementation ratios and 90% CI

^*= p < 0.05