Table 2 Effect of NRT on long‐term smoking cessation.
| Study | NRT | Placebo | Weight (%) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blondal 1989 | 29/92* (30)† | 21/90 (22) | 9.9 | 1.51 (0.78 to 2.92) |
| Blondal 1997 | 15/79 (20) | 11/78 (13) | 7.3 | 1.43 (0.61 to 3.34) |
| Blondal 1999 | 19/118 (32) | 10/119 (13) | 7.7 | 2.09 (0.93 to 4.72) |
| Clavel 1997 | 30/481 (53) | 32/515 (43) | 12.5 | 1.00 (0.60 to 1.68) |
| Daughton 1999 | 39/193 (50) | 15/202 (19) | 10.3 | 3.16 (1.68 to 5.94) |
| Glavas 2003 | 10/56 (13) | 8/56 (9) | 5.7 | 1.30 (0.47 to 3.60) |
| Herrera 1995 | 30/76 (37) | 13/78 (17) | 8.5 | 3.26 (1.54 to 6.92) |
| Mikkelsen 1994 | 15/145 (24) | 4/144 (6) | 4.8 | 4.04 (1.31 to 12.5) |
| Richmond 1997 | 21/153 (29) | 8/152 (14) | 7.3 | 2.86 (1.23 to 6.69) |
| Stapleton 1998 | 19/116 (33) | 7/111 (14) | 6.7 | 2.91 (1.17 to 7.23) |
| Tonnesen 1988 | 17/60 (23) | 5/53 (12) | 5.2 | 3.80 (1.29 to 11.2) |
| Yudkin 2003 | 48/815 (91) | 35/810 (62) | 14.0 | 1.39 (0.89 to 2.17) |
| Total | 292/2384 (435) | 169/2408 (244) | 100 | 1.99 (1.50 to 2.64) |
Random effects test of overall effect: Z = 4.79, p<0.001.
*Number of participants who successfully maintained smoking cessation/number entering trial.
†Figures in brackets give number successful at earlier 12 month follow up.
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.