Table 1 Concentration of RSP2.5 particles (mg/m3).
| Vehicle type | Fully open window | Half open window | Closed window | p Value§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) (n)* | Mean (SD) (n)* | Mean (SD) (n)* | ||
| Two‐door pick‐up utility vehicle | 4.57 (1.43)† ‡ (90) | 4.89 (2.06)¶ (76) | 12.77 (7.53) (99) | <0.001 |
| PCV = 1.4 m3 | ||||
| Three‐door small city car | 1.33 (0.76)† ‡ (82) | 5.32 (3.00)¶ (86) | 13.15 (6.59) (45) | <0.001 |
| PCV = 2.5 m3 | ||||
| Five‐door station wagon | 5.28 (1.80)† ‡ (72) | 12.15 (3.63) (80) | 12.37 (5.63) (68) | <0.001 |
| PCV = 3 m3 | ||||
| Baseline measurement | 0.013 mg/m3 | |||
*n, number of measurements; †fully open window versus half open (Mann—Whitney test, p<0.05); ‡fully open window versus closed (Mann–Whitney test, p<0.05); §Kruskal–Wallis test; ¶half open window versus closed (Mann–Whitney test, p<0.05); PCV, passenger cabin volume; SD, standard deviation.