Table 3.

Author, country, date	Patient group	Study type	Outcomes	Key results	Study weaknesses
Niel‐Weise, BS, van den Broek PJ, Netherlands, 2005	Three trials of hospitalised adults undergoing non‐urological surgery who had postoperative bladder drainage	Systematic review	Antibiotic prophylaxis compared with giving antibiotics when clinically indicated. Antibiotic prophylaxis compared with giving antibiotics when microbiologically indicated	Only 1 relevant paper: significantly lower symptomatic UTI rate in the group receiving prophylactic antibiotics (RR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.66). Five to eight fold fewer cases of bacteriuria amongst those allocated prophylactic antibiotics	Observation based on only 16 cases of infection in women in one small trial. Data too heterogeneous to allow meta‐analysis

UTI, urinary tract infection.