Table 1 Methods for confirming ETT placement in the prehospital setting.

Clinical

Lateral/epigastric auscultation: equal and symmetrical breath sounds

Symmetrical bilateral hemi‐thorax elevation on ventilation

Reservoir bag compliance and refilling

Direct inspection of tube passing between the cords

Mechanical

Lighted stylet

Oesophageal detector device

Colorimetric capnography

Electronic capnography (sidestream or mainstream)