Table 3.

Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with hazardous alcohol use compared to none

Variable	Bivariate OR (95% CI)	Multivariate OR (95% CI)
Sex
Female	1.0 (Ref)	1.0 (Ref)
Male	1.54 (0.93–2.56)**	1.34 (0.78–2.40)
Age
18–34	1.0 (Ref)	–
35–44	1.70 (0.70–4.15)	–
≥ 45	1.28 (0.52–3.12)	–
Race
White	1.0 (Ref)	1.0 (Ref)
African American	0.81 (0.46–1.43)	0.81 (0.45–1.48)
Hispanic	1.45 (0.72–2.93)	1.71 (0.82–3.57)
Other	0.25 (0.03–1.90)**	0.22 (0.03–1.77)
Education
< High school degree	1.0 (Ref)	–
High school or junior college	1.26 (0.75–2.13)	–
College or post-college	0.71 (0.31–1.60)	–
Insurance
Private	1.0 (Ref)	1.0 (Ref)
Medicaid	1.01 (0.52–1.99)	1.18 (0.58–2.41)
Medicare	1.30 (0.56–3.03)	1.51 (0.63–3.63)
Medicaid/Medicare	0.91 (0.44–1.87)	1.06 (0.50–2.24)
None	1.76 (0.80–3.86)**	1.85 (0.82–4.20)
HAART
No	1.0 (Ref)	–
Yes	1.18 (0.74–1.89)	–
CD4 nadir (cells/μL)
< 50	1.0 (Ref)	1.0 (Ref)
50–199	1.46 (0.79–2.68)	1.70 (0.89–2.23)
200–499	1.39 (0.75–2.58)	1.64 (0.86–3.15)
≥ 500	2.57 (1.25–5.32)*	2.65 (1.23–5.69)*
Missing	1.94 (0.70–5.40)	1.97 (0.67–5.76)
Illicit drug use
Never	1.0 (Ref)	1.0 (Ref)
Former	1.21 (0.65–2.24)	1.22 (0.65–2.33)
Current	2.40 (1.37–4.23)*	2.67 (1.48–4.82)*
Outpatient psychiatric treatment
No	1.0 (Ref)	–
Yes	0.82 (0.51–1.30)	–
Primary care visits
≤ 3 visits	1.0 (Ref)	1.0 (Ref)
4–5 visits	0.54 (0.26–1.11)**	0.58 (0.27–1.21)*
6–7 visits	0.72 (0.40–1.26)	0.79 (0.43–1.40)
≥ 8 visits	0.40 (0.21–0.75)*	0.45 (0.23–0.86)*

Multivariate analysis includes only those covariates with P < 0.20 in bivariate analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses adjusted for site. CI, confidence interval; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; OR, odds ratio.

^*P < 0.05.

^**P < 0.20.