Table 1. Monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolite levels (mean±S.E.M., pmol/g tissue) in different brain regions.
| Brain Regions | Ctx | Th | Ob | Cb | Hipp | Bs | St | |
| 5-HT | WT | 756±94 | 1100±71.2 | 293±42.1 | 103±16.8 | 506±54.3 | 702±96 | 517±64.6 |
| TPH2KO | 62.4±7.1* (93.1%) | 36.2±2.4* (96.7%) | 22.6±1.94* (92.7%) | 37.7±7.96* (67.5%) | 19.4±3.46* (96.2%) | 97.6±20* (94.8%) | 15.8±1.25* (96.9%) | |
| DKO | 6.52±2*† (99.2%) | 18.6±2.8*† (98.3%) | 4.98±2.50*† (98.4%) | 6.45±3.95*† (94.4%) | 8.01±3.5* (98.4%) | 10.3±2.2* (98.6%) | 8.65±1.26* (98.3%) | |
| 5-HIAA | WT | 507±75.7 | 1398±234 | 373±78 | 205±31.5 | 724±126 | 818±119 | 535±102 |
| TPH2KO | 21.4±3.4* (95.8%) | 19.1±2.4* (98.6%) | 29.5±5.9* (92.1%) | 29.9±6.31* (85.4%) | 13.1±1.61* (98.2%) | 24.7±2.1* (98.1%) | 9.4±1.2* (99.0%) | |
| DKO | 9.35±3.35* (98.1%) | 9.27±3.7* (99.3%) | 4.95±1.75* (98.7%) | 2.22±1.02* (98.9%) | 4.87±1.58* (99.3%) | 4.3±1.5* (99.5%) | 3.6±1.04* (99.3%) | |
| NE | WT | 744±64 | 1761±142 | 1512±189 | 907±117 | 1530±89 | 1512±99 | 661±113 |
| TPH2KO | 733±76 | 1352±115 | 1483±195 | 921±123 | 1459±157 | 1542±203 | 938±148 | |
| DKO | 618±58 | 1540±300 | 831±86 | 543±83 | 1540±268 | 1248±106 | 215±27† | |
| NM | WT | 169±43 | 119±15 | 261±26 | 211±22 | 133±15 | 57±11 | 210±145 |
| TPH2KO | 69±16 | 78±14 | 279±18 | 205±24 | 166±22 | 87±18 | n/a | |
| DKO | 224±37 | 153±23 | 406±0 # | 296±58 | 218±25* | 55±21 | 231±162 | |
| DA | WT | 2292±351 | 838±118 | 607±77 | 121±34 | 211±104 | 219±38 | 24961±2616 |
| TPH2KO | 2529±271 | 492±37 | 507±90 | 93±40 | 67±21 | 134±15 | 24890±1115 | |
| DKO | 1640±135 | 2168±689*†† | 789±135 | 179±69 | 108±15 | 181±46 | n/a | |
| DOPAC | WT | 1442±134 | 951±107 | 1076±213 | 230±38 | 244±48 | 376±52 | 6341±848 |
| TPH2KO | 1683±142 | 998±120 | 1399±279 | 211±31 | 267±47 | 525±97 | 8196±833 | |
| DKO | 1062±160 | 1020±121 | 379±98 | 161±36 | 159±27 | 238±43 | 3886±546 † | |
| HVA | WT | 650±74 | 532±79 | 387±70 | 60±6 | 94±11 | 164±19 | 2584±340 |
| TPH2KO | 591±93 | 365±47 | 289±55 | 57±8 | 87±18 | 135±10 | 2194±350 | |
| DKO | 958±180 | 985±52*†† | 662±133† | 68±11 | 145±13 | 212±17† | 3864±355 † | |
5-HT = 5-hydroxytryptophan (serotonin); 5-HIAA = 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid; NE = norepinephrine; NM = normetanephrine; DA = dopamine; DOPAC = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; HVA = homovanillic acid. Brain regions examined: cortex (Ctx), thalamus/hypothalamus (Th), olfactory bulb (Ob), cerebellum (Cb), hippocampus (Hipp), brainstem (Bs), striatum (St). Figures in parentheses are percentages of reduction compared to WT controls. The numbers of animals used for the assays n = 16 for WT, n = 12 for TPH2KO, and n = 5 for DKO (all mice were males). 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels in all tissues from TPH2KO and DKO were significantly lower than those in WT (all p values<0.001 using one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test). * - p<0.05 compared to WT (Tukey's post-hoc test).
† - p<0.05, †† -p<0.01 TPH1/TPH2 DKO compared to TPH2KO (Tukey's post-hoc test).
# - only one sample available due to signal loss (background noise).