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. 2008 Oct 21;3(10):e3455. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003455

Figure 6. Mutations of CsrS is responsible for increased virulence of GAS to PMN functions.

Figure 6

(A) Non-invasive, severe invasive, and invasive strains with overexpression of CsrS strains were incubated with PMN at MOI 10. After 2 hours, the number of live bacteria was counted. The dotted line indicates the number of bacteria applied to the culture. (B)–(C) CsrS transduction into the invasive GAS isolates abrogated the killing activity for PMN as well as the inhibitory effect on PMN migration in a transwell system. (B) The proportion of PMN consisted of both viable and dead cells and (C) The proportion of live PMN that migrated into the lower wells in response to IL-8, in the presence (closed circles) or absence (open circles) of non-invasive GAS, severe invasive GAS isolates or severe invasive GAS isolates transduced with CsrS was analyzed at 60 minutes incubation, as described in Figure. 2B and 2C. *p<0.05 estimated by ANOVA.