Table 1. Patients' clinical, pharmacokinetic and virological features.
| Patients | A: Male, age 30 H5N1 | B: Pregnant female, age 22 H5N1 | C: Female, age 76 H3N2 |
| Duration of illness in days pre ICU | 8 | 6 | 7 |
| Poultry exposure | Y | N | N |
| Fever | Y | Y | Y |
| Cough & shortness of breath | Y | Y | Y |
| Vomiting | Y | N | N |
| Diarrhoea | N | Y | N |
| Weight kg | 61 | 47.5 | 46 |
| Temperature °C | 40.1 | 38.2 | 39 |
| Hb g/dL | 15.5 | 10.3 | 8.3 |
| Total white cell (lymphocyte) count /µL | 5,600 | 5,400 | 16,800 |
| Absolute lymphocyte count /µL | 400 | 300 | 1680 |
| Platelet count /µL | 87,000 | 119,000 | 125,000 |
| Serum Creatinine µmol/L | 128 | 73 | 499 |
| Creatinine clearance mls/min* | 66 | 82 | 6 |
| FI02, pH, PO2, PCO2, HCO3 − ¶ | 40%, 7.5, 34.9, 40.4, 30.9 | 32% 7.45, 42.7, 28.6, 19.8 | 50%, 7.43, 33.3, 28, 19 |
| Day of ICU admission | D0 | D0 | D0 |
| CVVH started (start-stop Day) | D4 to 7 | D1 to 4 | D1 to 8 |
| Oseltamivir started (ICU Day) | D0 | D1 | D2 |
| Oseltamivir started from day of illness onset | 8 | 7 | 9 |
| Viral load cDNA copies/ml (Day measured) | 3.12×105 (D3) | 1.14×105 (D2) | 2.79×104 (D3) |
| PK sampling | D8 | D3 | D5 |
| Cmin OC ng/ml# | 376 | 575 | 2730 |
| Cmin OP ng/ml# | 5.49 | 37.4 | 24.4 |
| Cmax OC ng/ml | 591 | 1210 | 1270 |
| Cmax OP ng/ml | 122 | 156 | 28.7 |
| OC AUC0–12 ng.h/ml | 5,932 | 10,951 | 34,670 |
| OP AUC0–12 ng.h/ml | 395 | 1059 | 628 |
| OC oral clearance L/h | 27.8 | 15.1 | 4.7 |
| OP oral clearance L/h | 380 | 141.5 | 238.7 |
| Outcome (Day of death) | Survived | Died (D4) | Died (D8) |
*
Cockroft Gault formula.
¶
Arterial blood gas prior to ventilation, mmHg: PO2, PCO2, mmol/L:HCO3 −.
#
OP = oseltamivir phosphate, OC = oseltamivir carboxylate.