TABLE 2.
Antimicrobial activity of DC-159a against 283 strains of other gram-positive species isolates by CLSI methods
| Organism (no. of strains tested)/antimicrobial agent | MIC (μg/ml)
|
% Susceptible/% resistanta | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50% | 90% | Range | ||
| S. aureus | ||||
| Oxacillin susceptible (30) | ||||
| DC-159a | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.015-0.06 | −b/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 0.06 | 0.12 | ≤0.03-0.12 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.06-0.25 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Moxifloxacin | ≤0.03 | 0.06 | ≤0.03-0.12 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.06-0.5 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Linezolid | 1 | 2 | 0.5-2 | 100.0/− |
| Tetracycline | ≤2 | 4 | ≤2->8 | 90.0/10.0 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | ≤0.5 | ≤0.5 | ≤0.5 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Clindamycin | 0.12 | 0.12 | ≤0.06-0.5 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Erythromycin | 0.25 | >8 | 0.25->8 | 83.3/16.7 |
| Oxacillin resistant, nosocomial (30) | ||||
| DC-159a | 1 | 2 | 0.5-4 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 4 | >4 | 1->4 | 0.0/96.7 |
| Levofloxacin | >8 | >8 | 4->8 | 0.0/100.0 |
| Moxifloxacin | 2 | 4 | 1->4 | 0.0/83.3 |
| Ciprofloxacin | >4 | >4 | >4 | 0.0/100.0 |
| Linezolid | 1 | 2 | 1-2 | 100.0/− |
| Tetracycline | ≤2 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 80.0/20.0 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | ≤0.5 | >2 | ≤0.5->2 | 86.7/13.3 |
| Clindamycin | >8 | >8 | ≤0.06->8 | 26.7/70.0 |
| Erythromycin | >8 | >8 | 0.25->8 | 6.7/93.3 |
| Oxacillin resistant, community acquired (30) | ||||
| DC-159a | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.008-0.5 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 0.06 | 0.12 | ≤0.03-2 | 93.3/6.7 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.12-4 | 93.3/6.7 |
| Moxifloxacin | ≤0.03 | 0.06 | ≤0.03-1 | 93.3/0.0 |
| Ciprofloxacin | ≤0.25 | 0.5 | ≤0.25->4 | 93.3/6.7 |
| Linezolid | 2 | 2 | 1-2 | 100.0/− |
| Tetracycline | ≤4 | ≤4 | ≤4->8 | 90.0/10.0 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | ≤0.5 | ≤0.5 | ≤0.5 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Clindamycin | 0.12 | 0.12 | ≤0.06-0.25 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Erythromycin | >8 | >8 | >8 | 0.0/100.0 |
| CoNS (30)c | ||||
| DC-159a | 0.06 | 0.5 | 0.03-0.5 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 0.25 | 2 | 0.06-4 | 60.0/16.7 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.25 | 8 | 0.12-8 | 60.0/26.7 |
| Moxifloxacin | 0.25 | 2 | ≤0.03-4 | 63.3/16.7 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.5 | >4 | 0.12->4 | 56.7/43.3 |
| Linezolid | 1 | 1 | 0.5-2 | 100.0/− |
| Tetracycline | ≤2 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 86.7/13.3 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | ≤0.5 | >2 | ≤0.5->2 | 66.7/33.3 |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.06 | >8 | ≤0.06->8 | 83.3/16.7 |
| Erythromycin | 0.25 | >8 | ≤0.06->8 | 53.3/43.3 |
| Oxacillin | 2 | >2 | ≤0.25->2 | 30.0/70.0 |
| S. saprophyticus (30) | ||||
| DC-159a | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.03-0.5 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 0.25 | 2 | 0.06-2 | 83.3/13.3 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5 | 2 | 0.12-8 | 86.7/10.0 |
| Moxifloxacin | 0.12 | 1 | ≤0.03-2 | 83.3/6.7 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.5 | >4 | 0.12->4 | 83.3/16.7 |
| Linezolid | 1 | 2 | 0.5-2 | 100.0/− |
| Tetracycline | ≤2 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 76.7/23.3 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | ≤0.5 | >2 | ≤0.5->2 | 86.7/13.3 |
| Clindamycin | ≤0.06 | 0.5 | ≤0.06->8 | 90.0/10.0 |
| Erythromycin | 0.25 | >8 | 0.12->8 | 60.0/40.0 |
| Oxacillin | 1 | >2 | 0.5->2 | 0.0/100.0 |
| E. faecalis | ||||
| Vancomycin susceptible (30) | ||||
| DC-159a | 0.12 | 4 | 0.06->8 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 0.25 | >4 | 0.12->4 | 80.0/20.0 |
| Levofloxacin | 0.5 | >8 | 0.25->8 | 80.0/20.0 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.5 | >4 | 0.25->4 | 80.0/20.0 |
| Ampicillin | ≤1 | 2 | ≤1-4 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Linezolid | 1 | 2 | 0.5-2 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Gentamicin-HL | ≤500 | >1000 | ≤500->1000 | 70.0/30.0 |
| Tetracycline | >8 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 23.3/76.7 |
| Erythromycin | 2 | >8 | 0.25->8 | 13.3/46.7 |
| Vancomycin resistant (30) | ||||
| DC-159a | 4 | 4 | 0.12-8 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | >4 | >4 | 0.12->4 | 6.7/93.3 |
| Levofloxacin | >8 | >8 | 0.5->8 | 6.7/93.3 |
| Ciprofloxacin | >4 | >4 | 0.5->4 | 6.7/93.3 |
| Ampicillin | 2 | 4 | ≤1-16 | 96.7/3.3 |
| Linezolid | 1 | 2 | 1-2 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Gentamicin-HLe | >1000 | >1000 | ≤500->1000 | 30.0/70.0 |
| Tetracycline | >8 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 33.3/66.7 |
| Erythromycin | >8 | >8 | 2->8 | 0.0/96.7 |
| Enterococcus faecium | ||||
| Vancomycin susceptible (31) | ||||
| DC-159a | 1 | >8 | 0.06->8 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | 2 | >4 | 0.25->4 | 51.6/45.2 |
| Levofloxacin | 2 | >8 | 0.25->8 | 51.6/45.2 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 4 | >4 | 0.25->4 | 25.8/58.1 |
| Ampicillin | >16 | >16 | ≤1->16 | 41.9/58.1 |
| Linezolid | 2 | 2 | 1-2 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Gentamicin-HL | ≤500 | >1000 | ≤500->1000 | 77.4/22.6 |
| Tetracycline | ≤2 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 58.1/38.7 |
| Erythromycin | >8 | >8 | 0.25->8 | 6.5/67.7 |
| Vancomycin resistant (32) | ||||
| DC-159a | 8 | >8 | 0.25->8 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | >4 | >4 | 0.5->4 | 18.8/81.3 |
| Levofloxacin | >8 | >8 | 2->8 | 18.8/81.3 |
| Ciprofloxacin | >4 | >4 | 1->4 | 3.1/87.5 |
| Ampicillin | >16 | >16 | 2->16 | 3.1/96.9 |
| Linezolid | 2 | 2 | 1-2 | 100.0/0.0 |
| Gentamicin-HL | ≤500 | >1000 | ≤500->1000 | 65.6/34.4 |
| Tetracycline | >8 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 40.6/59.4 |
| Erythromycin | >8 | >8 | 1->8 | 0.0/87.5 |
| Enterococcus spp., linezolid resistant (10)d | ||||
| DC-159a | 4 | >8 | 2->8 | −/− |
| Gatifloxacin | >4 | >4 | >4 | 0.0/100.0 |
| Levofloxacin | >8 | >8 | >8 | 0.0/100.0 |
| Ciprofloxacin | >4 | >4 | >4 | 0.0/100.0 |
| Ampicillin | ≤1 | >16 | ≤1->16 | 50.0/50.0 |
| Vancomycin | >16 | >16 | 0.5->16 | 40.0/60.0 |
| Gentamicin-HL | ≤500 | >1000 | ≤500->1000 | 60.0/40.0 |
| Tetracycline | >8 | >8 | ≤2->8 | 30.0/70.0 |
| Erythromycin | >8 | >8 | 2->8 | 0.0/90.0 |
a
Criteria published by the CLSI (4). The determination of β-lactam susceptibility should be directed by the oxacillin test results.
b
−, no breakpoint criteria have been established for this category.
c
CoNS include Staphylococcus auricularis (four strains), S. capitis (three strains), coagulase-negative staphylococcus (one strain), S. cohnii (one strain), S. epidermidis (five strains), S. haemolyticus (three strains), S. hominis (two strains), S. intermedius (two strains), S. lugdunensis (two strains), S. schleiferi (one strain), S. sciuri (one strain), S. simulans (one strain), S. warnerii (two strains), and S. xylosis (two strains).
d
Includes Enterococcus faecalis (five strains) and E. faecium (five strains).
e
HL, high level.