FIG. 8.

Expression of hilA in Salmonella cells exposed to heat stress and other stresses. Cells of strain χ3306 grown in L broth to an OD₆₀₀ of 0.5 at 30°C were exposed to heat shock (42°C), 5% ethanol (EtOH), 1 mM H₂O₂, and acidic shock (pH 4.0) for 10 min. Total RNAs were extracted, and hilA transcripts were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and then normalized to 16S rRNA gene expression. The values represent the means and standard deviations of n-fold changes in comparison with the transcription levels of hilA in cells incubated at 30°C.