Table 5 Odds ratios based on ordinal logit models of the probability of reporting worse health or more mobility difficulties, by education, income, and sex (95% CI).
| SES variables | Men | Women | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self rated health | Mobility difficulty | Self rated health | Mobility difficulty | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| No formal education | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Primary education | 0.77 (0.50 to 1.19) | 0.73 (0.46 to 1.15) | 0.71 (0.47 to 1.08) | 0.68 (0.44 to 1.03) |
| Secondary education | 0.56 (0.35 to 0.91) | 0.40 (0.23 to 0.68) | 0.49 (0.27 to 0.92) | 1.02 (0.57 to 1.84) |
| Lowest income quartile | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2nd income quartile | 1.09 (0.68 to 1.73) | 0.96 (0.59 to 1.58) | 0.64 (0.40 to 1.05) | 0.55 (0.34 to 0.89) |
| 3rd income quartile | 0.86 (0.55 to 1.36) | 0.52 (0.31 to 0.88) | 0.80 (0.47 to 1.38) | 0.55 (0.32 to 0.95) |
| Highest income quartile | 0.62 (0.39 to 1.01) | 0.79 (0.46 to 1.38) | 0.50 (0.27 to 0.92) | 0.34 (0.18 to 0.63) |
| Model 2 | ||||
| No formal education | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Primary education | 0.72 (0.47 to 1.12) | 0.72 (0.46 to 1.15) | 0.71 (0.47 to 1.09) | 0.66 (0.43 to 1.00) |
| Secondary education | 0.50 (0.31 to 0.82) | 0.39 (0.22 to 0.67) | 0.51 (0.27 to 0.95) | 1.04 (0.57 to 1.88) |
| Lowest income quartile | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2nd income quartile | 1.1 (0.69 to 1.76) | 0.97 (0.59 to 1.60) | 0.64 (0.39 to 1.04) | 0.52 (0.32 to 0.85) |
| 3rd income quartile | 0.84 (0.53 to 1.32) | 0.53 (0.31 to 0.90) | 0.80 (0.46 to 1.37) | 0.52 (0.30 to 0.90) |
| Highest income quartile | 0.60 (0.37 to 0.98) | 0.81 (0.47 to 1.42) | 0.50 (0.27 to 0.93) | 0.34 (0.18 to 0.63) |
| Model 3 | ||||
| No formal education | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Primary education | 0.77 (0.50 to 1.19) | 0.72 (0.46 to 1.14) | 0.72 (0.47 to 1.09) | 0.7 (0.46 to 1.06) |
| Secondary education | 0.56 (0.35 to 0.91) | 0.39 (0.22 to 0.66) | 0.5 (0.27 to 0.93) | 1.11 (0.61 to 2.00) |
| Lowest income quartile | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2nd income quartile | 1.09 (0.68 to 1.73) | 0.96 (0.58 to 1.58) | 0.64 (0.39 to 1.05) | 0.54 (0.33 to 0.88) |
| 3rd income quartile | 0.86 (0.55 to 1.36) | 0.52 (0.31 to 0.88) | 0.8 (0.46 to 1.37) | 0.52 (0.30 to 0.90) |
| Highest income quartile | 0.63 (0.39 to 1.01) | 0.83 (0.48 to 1.45) | 0.5 (0.27 to 0.93) | 0.35 (0.19 to 0.65) |
Model 1: adjusted for age. Model 2: adjusted for age and three subscales for stress, immune, and cardiovascular markers. Model 3: adjusted for age and allostatic load index. Self reported health: 1 = excellent, 2 = good, 3 = average, 4 = not so good, 5 = poor. Mobility difficulty: the number (0–6) of mobility difficulties the respondent reports with regards to the following activities: squatting, walking up two to three flights of stairs, lifting or carrying 11–12 kg, walking 200–300 metres, standing continuously for 15 minutes, and grasping or turning things with fingers.