Karyopherins α2 and α2β1 inhibit in vitro assembly of L1. In vitro assembly reactions of L1 capsomeres in the presence of purified karyopherin α2, β1, or α2β1 were analyzed by electron microscopy. (A) L1 assembly reaction (top row) or L1 assembled in the presence of karyopherin α2β1 (bottom row) Magnifications, ×4,800 and ×49,000. (B) L1-karyopherin α2 (top row) or L1-karyopherin β1 (bottom row) assembly reaction. Magnifications, ×4,800 and ×49,000. (C) Quantitation of the average number of assembled particles per image (n = 5) from three independent assembly reactions. The scale bars are 1 μm at ×4,800 and 100 nm at ×49,000.