Figure 8. GABA Acts through GABAA and GABAC Receptors.
(A) Coapplication of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol (200 μM) and the GABAC receptor agonist CACA (50 μM) to retinal explants mimicked the inhibitory action of 1 mM GABA on retinal PER2::LUC rhythms.
(B) The GABAA and GABAC receptor agonist TACA (80 μM) inhibited PER2::LUC expression rhythms in a way similar to 1 mM GABA.
(C) The GABAA receptor antagonist SR-95531 (40 μM) and the GABAC receptor antagonist TPMPA (100 μM) greatly attenuated the action of GABA when they were coapplied with 1 mM GABA.
(D) Coapplication of SR-95531 (40 μM) and TPMPA (100 μM) increased the amplitude of retinal PER2::LUC rhythms.
Bars in (A–D) indicate the duration of treatment.
(E) Blockade of GABAA and GABAC receptors with 40 μM SR-95531 and 100 μM TPMPA (solid line, filled circles) significantly increased the amplitude of retinal PER2::LUC rhythms compared with vehicle-treated explants (dashed line, open circles). Mean peak-to-trough amplitudes (±SEM, n = 5; normalized to the amplitude of the second circadian cycle) of retinal PER2::LUC rhythms were plotted as a function of PER2::LUC cycle number in the LumiCycle. A single asterisk (*) indicates p < 0.007, post hoc t-test with Bonferroni-corrected α = 0.007.