Table 1.
Comprehensive behavioral test battery and phenotypes of kf-1−/− mice.
| Tests | Phenotypes | Measurements kf-1+/+, kf-1−/− | p and F values | Days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General health | ||||
| Whisker, coat, reflexes | ≈ | n/a | n/a | 1 |
| Physical examination | ||||
| Body temperature (°C) | ≈ | 36.99 ± 0.17, 37.15 ± 0.10 | p = 0.4146, F1,38 = 0.681 | 1 |
| Body weight (g) | ≈ | 26.35 ± 0.43, 26.70 ± 0.57 | p = 0.6254, F1,38 = 0.242 | 1 |
| Wire-hanging time (sec) | ↑ | 44.55 ± 4.21, 55.55 ± 2.27 | p = 0.0270, F1,38 = 5.295 | 1 |
| Grip strength (N) | ≈ | 0.83 ± 0.03, 0.86 ± 0.04 | p = 0.4060, F1,38 = 0.706 | 2 |
| Light/dark transition | ||||
| Anxiety | ↑ | Figure 9 | Figure 9 | 3 |
| Open field | ||||
| Exploratory locomotion | ≈ | Figure 3 | Figure 3 | 7,8 |
| Elevated plus maze | ||||
| Anxiety | ↑ | Figure 10 | Figure 10 | 9 |
| Hot plate | ||||
| Pain sensitivity (sec) | ≈ | 9.7 ± 0.67, 10.5 ± 0.64 | p = 0.4045, F1,38 = 0.711 | 10 |
| Social interaction | ||||
| Total duration of contacts (sec) | ≈ | 85.9 ± 4.95, 85.0 ± 6.22 | p = 0.9101, F1,38 = 0.002 | 11 |
| Number of contacts (times) | ≈ | 53.2 ± 4.85, 51.3 ± 3.76 | p = 0.7604, F1,38 = 0.096 | 11 |
| Total duration of active contact (sec) | ≈ | 16.0 ± 1.81, 14.9 ± 1.34 | p = 0.6153, F1,38 = 0.261 | 11 |
| Mean duration/contacts (sec) | ≈ | 1.7 ± 0.15, 1.7 ± 0.13 | p = 0.9609, F1,38 = 0.002 | 11 |
| Distance traveled (cm) | ≈ | 3275 ± 140, 3323 ± 172 | p = 0.8310, F1,38 = 0.047 | 11 |
| Rotarod | ||||
| Motor coordination | ≈ | Figure 4 | Figure 4 | 14, 15 |
| Prepulse inhibition | ||||
| Sensorimotor gating | ↑ | Figure 11 | Figure 11 | 16 |
| Porsol forced swim | ||||
| Immobility time (behavioral despair) | ≈ | Figure 5 | Figure 5 | 17, 18 |
| T-maze forced alternation task | ||||
| Spatial working memory (cognitive function) | ≈ | Figure 7 | Figure 7 | 41–71 |
| Contextual and cued fear conditioning | ||||
| Contextual memory (cognitive function) | ≈ | Figure 8 | Figure 8 | 77–78 |
| Tail suspension | ||||
| Immobility time (behavioral despair) | ≈ | Figure 6 | Figure 6 | 79 |
≈, No significant differences between kf-1+/+ and kf-1−/−; ↑, Increased in kf-1−/− compared to kf-1+/+. The testing order was from the 1st to 79th day as indicated in the right column.